This PR begins work on batching up events during the creation of a room. The PR splits out the creation and sending/persisting of the events. The first three events in the creation of the room-creating the room, joining the creator to the room, and the power levels event are sent sequentially, while the subsequent events are created and collected to be sent at the end of the function. This is currently done by appending them to a list and then iterating over the list to send, the next step (after this PR) would be to send and persist the collected events as a batch.

Fixes #13206

Signed-off-by: Jacek Kusnierz jacek.kusnierz@tum.de

Optimize how we calculate `likely_domains` during backfill because I've seen this take 17s in production just to `get_current_state` which is used to `get_domains_from_state` (see case [*2. Loading tons of events* in the `/messages` investigation issue](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/13356)).

There are 3 ways we currently calculate hosts that are in the room:

 1. `get_current_state` -> `get_domains_from_state`
    - Used in `backfill` to calculate `likely_domains` and `/timestamp_to_event` because it was cargo-culted from `backfill`
    - This one is being eliminated in favor of `get_current_hosts_in_room` in this PR 🕳
 1. `get_current_hosts_in_room`
    - Used for other federation things like sending read receipts and typing indicators
 1. `get_hosts_in_room_at_events`
    - Used when pushing out events over federation to other servers in the `_process_event_queue_loop`

Fix https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/13626

Part of https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/13356

Mentioned in [internal doc](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lvUoVfYUiy6UaHB6Rb4HicjaJAU40-APue9Q4vzuW3c/edit#bookmark=id.2tvwz3yhcafh)


### Query performance

#### Before

The query from `get_current_state` sucks just because we have to get all 80k events. And we see almost the exact same performance locally trying to get all of these events (16s vs 17s):
```
synapse=# SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM current_state_events WHERE room_id = '!OGEhHVWSdvArJzumhm:matrix.org';
Time: 16035.612 ms (00:16.036)

synapse=# SELECT type, state_key, event_id FROM current_state_events WHERE room_id = '!OGEhHVWSdvArJzumhm:matrix.org';
Time: 4243.237 ms (00:04.243)
```

But what about `get_current_hosts_in_room`: When there is 8M rows in the `current_state_events` table, the previous query in `get_current_hosts_in_room` took 13s from complete freshness (when the events were first added). But takes 930ms after a Postgres restart or 390ms if running back to back to back.

```sh
$ psql synapse
synapse=# \timing on
synapse=# SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT substring(state_key FROM '@[^:]*:(.*)$'))
FROM current_state_events
WHERE
    type = 'm.room.member'
    AND membership = 'join'
    AND room_id = '!OGEhHVWSdvArJzumhm:matrix.org';
 count
-------
  4130
(1 row)

Time: 13181.598 ms (00:13.182)

synapse=# SELECT COUNT(*) from current_state_events where room_id = '!OGEhHVWSdvArJzumhm:matrix.org';
 count
-------
 80814

synapse=# SELECT COUNT(*) from current_state_events;
  count
---------
 8162847

synapse=# SELECT pg_size_pretty( pg_total_relation_size('current_state_events') );
 pg_size_pretty
----------------
 4702 MB
```

#### After

I'm not sure how long it takes from complete freshness as I only really get that opportunity once (maybe restarting computer but that's cumbersome) and it's not really relevant to normal operating times. Maybe you get closer to the fresh times the more access variability there is so that Postgres caches aren't as exact. Update: The longest I've seen this run for is 6.4s and 4.5s after a computer restart.

After a Postgres restart, it takes 330ms and running back to back takes 260ms.

```sh
$ psql synapse
synapse=# \timing on
Timing is on.
synapse=# SELECT
    substring(c.state_key FROM '@[^:]*:(.*)$') as host
FROM current_state_events c
/* Get the depth of the event from the events table */
INNER JOIN events AS e USING (event_id)
WHERE
    c.type = 'm.room.member'
    AND c.membership = 'join'
    AND c.room_id = '!OGEhHVWSdvArJzumhm:matrix.org'
GROUP BY host
ORDER BY min(e.depth) ASC;
Time: 333.800 ms
```

#### Going further

To improve things further we could add a `limit` parameter to `get_current_hosts_in_room`. Realistically, we don't need 4k domains to choose from because there is no way we're going to query that many before we a) probably get an answer or b) we give up. 

Another thing we can do is optimize the query to use a index skip scan:

 - https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Loose_indexscan
 - Index Skip Scan, https://commitfest.postgresql.org/37/1741/
 - https://www.timescale.com/blog/how-we-made-distinct-queries-up-to-8000x-faster-on-postgresql/

See https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/13575#discussion_r953023755

Part of #13019

This changes all the permission-related methods to rely on the Requester instead of the UserID. This is a first step towards enabling scoped access tokens at some point, since I expect the Requester to have scope-related informations in it.

It also changes methods which figure out the user/device/appservice out of the access token to return a Requester instead of something else. This avoids having store-related objects in the methods signatures.

Depends on https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/13320

Complement tests: https://github.com/matrix-org/complement/pull/406

We could use the same method to backfill for `/context` as well in the future, see https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/3848

Inspired by the room batch handler, this uses previous event inserts to
pre-populate prev events during room creation, reducing the number of
queries required to create a room.

Signed off by Nick @ Beeper (@Fizzadar)

Signed-off-by: David Teller <davidt@element.io>
Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>

Complement tests: https://github.com/matrix-org/complement/pull/405

This happens when you have some messages imported before the room is created.
Then use MSC3030 to look backwards before the room creation from a remote
federated server. The server won't find anything locally, but will ask over
federation which will have the remote event. The previous logic would
choke on not having the local event assigned.

```
Failed to fetch /timestamp_to_event from hs2 because of exception(UnboundLocalError) local variable 'local_event' referenced before assignment args=("local variable 'local_event' referenced before assignment",)
```

Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>

It's now implied by the room_version property on the event.

Instead, use the `room_version` property of the event we're validating.

The `room_version` was originally added as a parameter somewhere around #4482,
but really it's been redundant since #6875 added a `room_version` field to `EventBase`.

* Update worker docs to remove group endpoints.
* Removes an unused parameter to `ApplicationService`.
* Break dependency between media repo and groups.
* Avoid copying `m.room.related_groups` state events during room upgrades.

Resolves: #11896

Signed-off-by: Aminda Suomalainen <suomalainen+git@mikaela.info>

Signed-off-by: Sean Quah <seanq@element.io>

Co-authored-by: Matthew Hodgson <matthew@matrix.org>

Refactor and convert `Linearizer` to async. This makes a `Linearizer`
cancellation bug easier to fix.

Also refactor to use an async context manager, which eliminates an
unlikely footgun where code that doesn't immediately use the context
manager could forget to release the lock.

Signed-off-by: Sean Quah <seanq@element.io>

The get_bundled_aggregations code is fairly high-level and uses
a lot of store methods, we move it into the handler as that seems
like a better fit.

* Add check_can_deactivate_user

* Add check_can_shutdown_rooms

* Documentation

* callbacks, not functions

* Various suggested tweaks

* Add tests for test_check_can_shutdown_room and test_check_can_deactivate_user

* Update check_can_deactivate_user to not take a Requester

* Fix check_can_shutdown_room docs

* Renegade and use `by_admin` instead of `admin_user_id`

* fix lint

* Update docs/modules/third_party_rules_callbacks.md

Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>

* Update docs/modules/third_party_rules_callbacks.md

Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>

* Update docs/modules/third_party_rules_callbacks.md

Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>

* Update docs/modules/third_party_rules_callbacks.md

Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>

Co-authored-by: Brendan Abolivier <babolivier@matrix.org>

The presence of this method was confusing, and mostly present for backwards
compatibility. Let's get rid of it.

Part of #11733

Co-authored-by: Patrick Cloke <clokep@users.noreply.github.com>

This is some odds and ends found during the review of #11791
and while continuing to work in this code:

* Return attrs classes instead of dictionaries from some methods
  to improve type safety.
* Call `get_bundled_aggregations` fewer times.
* Adds a missing assertion in the tests.
* Do not return empty bundled aggregations for an event (preferring
  to not include the bundle at all, as the docstring states).

Per updates to MSC3440.

This is implement as a separate method since it needs to be cached
on a per-user basis, instead of a per-thread basis.

This makes the serialization of events synchronous (and it no
longer access the database), but we must manually calculate and
provide the bundled aggregations.

Overall this should cause no change in behavior, but is prep work
for other improvements.

Co-authored-by: reivilibre <olivier@librepush.net>

This adds some opentracing annotations to ResponseCache, to make it easier to see what's going on; in particular, it adds a link back to the initial trace which is actually doing the work of generating the response.

This reverts commit 158d73ebdd.

Revert "Sort internal changes in changelog"
Revert "Update CHANGES.md"
Revert "1.49.0rc1"
Revert "Revert "Move `glob_to_regex` and `re_word_boundary` to `matrix-python-common` (#11505) (#11527)"
Revert "Refactors in `_generate_sync_entry_for_rooms` (#11515)"
Revert "Correctly register shutdown handler for presence workers (#11518)"
Revert "Fix `ModuleApi.looping_background_call` for non-async functions (#11524)"
Revert "Fix 'delete room' admin api to work on incomplete rooms (#11523)"
Revert "Correctly ignore invites from ignored users (#11511)"
Revert "Fix the test breakage introduced by #11435 as a result of concurrent PRs (#11522)"
Revert "Stabilise support for MSC2918 refresh tokens as they have now been merged into the Matrix specification. (#11435)"
Revert "Save the OIDC session ID (sid) with the device on login (#11482)"
Revert "Add admin API to get some information about federation status (#11407)"
Revert "Include bundled aggregations in /sync and related fixes (#11478)"
Revert "Move `glob_to_regex` and `re_word_boundary` to `matrix-python-common` (#11505)"
Revert "Update backward extremity docs to make it clear that it does not indicate whether we have fetched an events' `prev_events` (#11469)"
Revert "Support configuring the lifetime of non-refreshable access tokens separately to refreshable access tokens. (#11445)"
Revert "Add type hints to `synapse/tests/rest/admin` (#11501)"
Revert "Revert accidental commits to develop."
Revert "Newsfile"
Revert "Give `tests.server.setup_test_homeserver` (nominally!) the same behaviour"
Revert "Move `tests.utils.setup_test_homeserver` to `tests.server`"
Revert "Convert one of the `setup_test_homeserver`s to `make_test_homeserver_synchronous`"
Revert "Disambiguate queries on `state_key` (#11497)"
Revert "Comments on the /sync tentacles (#11494)"
Revert "Clean up tests.storage.test_appservice (#11492)"
Revert "Clean up `tests.storage.test_main` to remove use of legacy code. (#11493)"
Revert "Clean up `tests.test_visibility` to remove legacy code. (#11495)"
Revert "Minor cleanup on recently ported doc pages  (#11466)"
Revert "Add most of the missing type hints to `synapse.federation`. (#11483)"
Revert "Avoid waiting for zombie processes in `synctl stop` (#11490)"
Revert "Fix media repository failing when media store path contains symlinks (#11446)"
Revert "Add type annotations to `tests.storage.test_appservice`. (#11488)"
Revert "`scripts-dev/sign_json`: support for signing events (#11486)"
Revert "Add MSC3030 experimental client and federation API endpoints to get the closest event to a given timestamp (#9445)"
Revert "Port wiki pages to documentation website (#11402)"
Revert "Add a license header and comment. (#11479)"
Revert "Clean-up get_version_string (#11468)"
Revert "Link background update controller docs to summary (#11475)"
Revert "Additional type hints for config module. (#11465)"
Revert "Register the login redirect endpoint for v3. (#11451)"
Revert "Update openid.md"
Revert "Remove mention of OIDC certification from Dex (#11470)"
Revert "Add a note about huge pages to our Postgres doc (#11467)"
Revert "Don't start Synapse master process if `worker_app` is set (#11416)"
Revert "Expose worker & homeserver as entrypoints in `setup.py` (#11449)"
Revert "Bundle relations of relations into the `/relations` result. (#11284)"
Revert "Fix `LruCache` corruption bug with a `size_callback` that can return 0 (#11454)"
Revert "Eliminate a few `Any`s in `LruCache` type hints (#11453)"
Revert "Remove unnecessary `json.dumps` from `tests.rest.admin` (#11461)"
Revert "Merge branch 'master' into develop"

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changes made to e713855dca.

If, for some reason, we don't have the create event, we should still be able to
purge a room.

MSC3030: https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/3030

Client API endpoint. This will also go and fetch from the federation API endpoint if unable to find an event locally or we found an extremity with possibly a closer event we don't know about.
```
GET /_matrix/client/unstable/org.matrix.msc3030/rooms/<roomID>/timestamp_to_event?ts=<timestamp>&dir=<direction>
{
    "event_id": ...
    "origin_server_ts": ...
}
```

Federation API endpoint:
```
GET /_matrix/federation/unstable/org.matrix.msc3030/timestamp_to_event/<roomID>?ts=<timestamp>&dir=<direction>
{
    "event_id": ...
    "origin_server_ts": ...
}
```

Co-authored-by: Erik Johnston <erik@matrix.org>

If `room_list_publication_rules` was configured with a rule with a
non-wildcard alias and a room was created with an alias then an
internal server error would have been thrown.

This fixes the error and properly applies the publication rules
during room creation.

Signed-off-by: Dirk Klimpel dirk@klimpel.org

Co-authored-by: Dirk Klimpel <5740567+dklimpel@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Andrew Morgan <1342360+anoadragon453@users.noreply.github.com>

Adds experimental support for `relation_types` and `relation_senders`
fields for filters.

This avoids filtering against fields which cannot exist on an
event source. E.g. presence updates don't have a room.